As we prepare for a sporting competition, whether football, basketball or individual sports we focus on muscle mass, strength, aerobic capacity, but we rarely look at the importance of bone structure.

Strong bones are crucial for the success of an athlete. Your skeletal structure provides the strength and rigidity that allows you to train and compete in your favorite discipline. Ask any athlete who has suffered a stress fracture: When the health and integrity of your bones is in danger, so too will your ability to practice high-level sport. PowerBar products help you maintain balance vitamins and proteins necessary for success.

As with muscles, bones, exercise is important to avoid stress on them, so they can respond ever more strongly. Some athletes are actually at high risk because of weak bones and frequent stress fractures. This article delves into the physiology of bones, making them stronger, which increases their risk of low bone mass and stress fractures, and what to do to help your bones are as strong as possible.

Bone physiology

Apparently hard as stone, bone is actually a living, dynamic tissue that is constantly in a process known as regeneration-remodeling. Your bones are made of a protein matrix, embedded with minerals like calcium and phosphorus that cause bones to become hard. The remodeling process follows a cycle: the first phase of the cycle, demineralizating cells in a process called bone resorption.

After that, other cells in bone remineralisation and rebuilt in a process called training. None of this happens overnight. This complete remodeling cycle typically involves months and at a particular time, there are areas in the same bone that is resorbed while other areas are in the formative stage.

Bone mineral density, osteoporosis and osteopenia

A key measure of the health of your bones is the amount of minerals – primarily calcium and phosphorus – which can be found in them. This is called bone mineral density or bone mass, the higher the density the stronger the bones, and less likely you’ll suffer a stress fracture during exercise, or even after a fracture suffered in the past year.

Bone mineral density was measured with a high-tech scanner. Tests can be done throughout the body, but the most important points are: the hip, spine and forearm. These points are focal points because they are areas where bone fractures occur frequently, especially in the elderly.

People with low bone mineral density is said to have osteoporosis. This is a condition in which there is very little calcium and phosphorus in bone. As a result, bones are weak and have a higher risk of fracture. Osteopenia is a milder form of the same bone “low status”. Sports Osteopenia refers to low bone mass found in athletes.

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