• Free floor of obstacles that may trip over it, such as cables, carpets, etc..
• Put in the bathtub and rug pads to slip out.
• Make sure the home is well lit, especially in the areas where light does not come natural.
• Visit your eye doctor continued to keep their glasses, if use are out of the correct prescription. • Avoid high heels or slippery soles.
• Make sure the stairs have handrails.
• Monitor the positions and sudden movements.
• Be careful in the kitchen. Do not step on the wet floor and place mats near the sink and countertop to absorb water or oil usually falls.

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Osteoporosis is a bone disease which is the excessive loss of calcium and other components that make up bone mass. In the absence of enough calcium, bones become fragile, the risk of breaking easily and while some cracks are not serious thing, others may take the person to disability.

Individuals included in the so-called “risk groups”, ie those most likely to suffer from osteoporosis, are women (between 20 and 25 percent of them suffer after menopause); older people (with age, bone mass loss is faster and regeneration of bone, slower), the lack of calcium (not included in their food products such as yoghurt, milk, cheese, vegetables and fish) and those who remain inactive (exercise is the best stimulant to the bone). Finally, it is known that heredity plays an important role in this disease.

While the age of increased risk begins at menopause, osteoporosis can begin to show signs earlier. Therefore, it is recommended to have low levels of calcium control, since it is not just consuming it naturally, but to check whether the body in the process it properly. Otherwise, the medical consultation is necessary to determine whether taking supplements.

For women, the symptoms of osteoporosis can be perceived between seven and ten years after menopause, so it is important that the first signs is made to the doctor for treatment. The most common symptoms are:
• Dolores vague but persistent, especially in the thoracic or lumbar.
• deformation of the body. The back arches and the person walks hunched.
This is because the vertebrae of the spine are compressed.
• Gradual fall height, which may range from 3-12 inches. It’s just the wear of the bone which is why people are lower as they age.
• Fractures produced even with small bumps or slightly jerky gestures.

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Vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption and utilization, so often associated with it is administered.
In the treatment of osteoporosis and its prevention, using drugs that decrease bone resorption. These include calcitonin and bisphosphonates. Estrogens, and selective modulators of estrogen receptors and raloxifene, used in postmenopausal osteoporosis, alone or associated with any of the foregoing.

Although theoretically the fluoride is a drug that can increase bone formation, bone appears to have produced a lower quality and therefore less resistance, so its use is not widespread and there are preparations available in Spain. Was recently introduced to treat a parathyroid hormone analog whose action is also stimulating bone formation, and is indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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Osteoporosis has no symptoms, it does not hurt or cause any change in itself. However, very fragile place in the bones, appear with great frequency bone fractures, which are those that affect the symptoms in these patients. The most common fractures in osteoporosis in postmenopausal women are vertebral fractures, which produce very sharp pains in the back and gradually lead to the development of deformities of the same, fundamentally progressive decrease in size by crushing vertebrae. This pain may give way to a dull ache and more continuous, produced by microfractures, which is often the symptom leading to diagnosis. Osteoporosis of the elderly typically produced in long bone fractures, especially in the wrist, and even more in the femur, being responsible for the typical hip fractures in the elderly.

How is it diagnosed?

There are no alterations to the basic analysis that allow the diagnosis. Even when the diagnosis is obtained through the study of bone biopsy in practice using different radiological techniques for diagnosis, who are also useful in assessing disease progression and response to treatment. Most are nonspecific plain radiographs of affected bones, which show osteoporosis once it is already quite advanced. In recent years we have introduced different models of densitometers, which are capable of measuring bone density for a given pattern.

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Only a small percentage of cases we know the causes of osteoporosis. Are secondary osteoporosis, in which it occurs as a consequence of another disease. This is the case of endocrine diseases such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism or hypogonadism, rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, blood diseases such as myeloma or mastocytosis, or cases of osteoporosis associated with the use of some drugs such as corticosteroids or heparin.
However, the vast majority of patients with primary osteoporosis, which can distinguish three major groups, juvenile idiopathic osteoporosis or adult with no known cause, the type I or postmenopausal osteoposis, which decisively influences the lack of estrogen occurs in women in this period of his life, and type II or senile osteoporosis, which is produced by aging.
There are many factors that increase bone loss that comes with age, and therefore, increase the risk of osteoporosis and its consequences. These include the detention or sedentary lifestyle, snuff and alcohol.

Who gets this disease?

It is a disease that can affect anyone. Over the years, everyone will lose bone mass, so that osteoporosis is especially common after age 70. Also, women in the early years after menopause are especially at risk for this disease.

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Although osteoporosis is a disease as old as humanity itself, technological advances and scientific progress has identified almost classify it as a disease of recent times.

Is a reduction in bone mass: the loss of bone structure, which determines that it becomes more and more fragile, facilitating the occurrence of fractures resulting from falls, bumps or even spontaneously.

The importance of osteoporosis today is reflected in the expenditure which the disease occurs in the health system in terms of use of medical technology, specific remedies, costs of hospitalization, and others. In the United States for example, spent an estimated 10,000 million dollars annually in the concept.

It affects both sexes, although it may describe today as a field almost exclusively of women, since the risk of getting it is up to seven times higher than in men.

Moreover, although the reasons for which this condition occurs are many, there is a close and direct relationship between osteoporosis and female hormones, particularly estrogen. Thus, all women entering menopause, in which the production of these hormones starts to decline, also enter into a zone of risk. The chance increases with age, as is leaving the body to manufacture these hormones and begin to have a role in this story the aging process.

Other factors also come into play: smoking can double the risk for fractures, alcohol also produces a similar effect.

A diet low in foods with calcium and vitamin D (milk and derivatives, for example) facilitates the emergence of the disease, but some diets of “fashion” that require a high intake of protein may behave similarly.

They also contribute the lack of regular physical exercise, and history of osteoporosis in the family.

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The main problem affecting the bones is osteoporosis and arthritis, which become painful as people age. As always the best medicine is prevention, prevent bone loss from an early age will help to retain health for longer.

The first thing to maintain bone health is sure to have enough calcium in your daily diet. For a full report on foods that contain calcium, see The role of calcium in the body. There are a number of exercises you can do to keep bones strong and healthy.

The main group of exercises that help maintain bone health are related to the strength and resistance weights.

Activities such as football, basketball, tennis, baseball, dancing, aerobics, and walking are good exercises for cardiovascular endurance training that can benefit your bone density. Also been shown that lifting weights helps maintain bone health. The first reason that this kind of exercise benefit your health is by stimulating bone formation. The bones are related to the movement of the body. Consequently, the muscles that attach to bone, also will be enhanced, giving further support to their bones.

Exercise and other sports and physical activities are beneficial to other aspects of their lives. Not only will help to clear and control your stress and improve your flexibility and sense of balance. Greater flexibility and balance are factors directly related to preventing falls and injuries in the event of the fall. It is common for older people experiencing problems to recover from a fall due to poor bone health because of the lack of training.

The health of your bones is an important factor in overall health. Making sure you drink the proper amount of daily calcium and exercise your body to strengthen your bones, help prevent fractures at an older age. Turn now to strengthen your bones will compensate later with a more comfortable old age and free of aches and pains.

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